Surface Chemistry – the driving force behind Biochemical techniques

‘Surface chemistry’ – at a glance, the term may sound quite heavy and intricate to an average mind. Surprisingly, our daily life is partly governed by its numerous applications – starting with the fabrics we wear to the food we eat, from the gasoline we use as car-fuel to the insecticide we use in our gardens. Almost every part of our life is linked with this branch of science. Medical Science, in particular, relies heavily on the application of surfactants for manufacturing various drugs, bio-chemicals, organic solvents, etc. Therefore, owing to its valued Medical attributes, Surface chemistry has been rightly included within GAMSAT chemistry curriculum by ACER.
In general, ‘Surface chemistry’ has been defined as the branch of science governing the interrelationship between various phases of matter. GAMSAT Section III which deals with logical reasoning in Biological and Physical Sciences, often include background passages based on certain sub-domains of surface chemistry. The most common sub-topics concerned with it are – Chromatographic techniques, Gel Electrophoresis, Capillary action, and other common biochemical techniques. From our own medical experiences we know that Biochemical Analysis is indispensible tool for every medical professional. Hence, while studying medical courses one must have crystal clear understanding of the background concepts associated with the techniques. In lieu to this logic, ACER has frequently designed multiple choice questions based on the aforementioned analytical techniques. Let us consider a representative example.
Question: Look carefully into the two-way chromatogram, and analyze the proper statement.

(A) The sub-constituent organic compound X, is absent in the mixed sample M.
(B) The compound Y is present in all the three compounds, A, B and C.
(C) Separation of the sub-constituent compound Z is only possible after running the second solvent in alternate direction.
(D) All the three sub-constituent compounds are present in the compound C.

Answer: The two-way chromatogram shows that the sample M has three main constituents – A, B, and C. When these three constituents are further segregated by running a second solvent, they give rise to another three sub constituents – X, Y and Z, respectively. Now, Y is obtained from the constituents A and B, but not C. Hence, option C is most appropriate.

It is evident that the segregation of bio-molecules was driven by adsorption and the colloidal nature of the gel. Both of these factors are within the domain of Surface chemistry. Hence, every sane GAMSAT candidate would prefer to face these questions with full-gear, i.e. equipped with proper conceptual platform on the concerned topic. Nobody wants to jump into pitch-black water. As a well-wisher of all the prospective GAMSAT aspirants I would like to appeal them for devoting some preparation time in studying this crucial topic for GAMSAT section III.